🇪🇸 Spanish for Beginners · Lesson 4 of 8
Family and people
Mom, dad, siblings, el and la, and plurals.
Family
| la madre / mamá | mother / mom |
|---|---|
| el padre / papá | father / dad |
| el hermano / la hermana | brother / sister |
| el hijo / la hija | son / daughter |
| el abuelo / la abuela | grandfather / grandmother |
| los padres | parents |
| el tío / la tía | uncle / aunt |
el and la
Every Spanish noun is masculine or feminine. Masculine words use el (the) and un (a); feminine words use la and una. Most words ending in -o are masculine (el libro) and most ending in -a are feminine (la mesa) — with exceptions like el día and la mano.
Plurals
| Ends in a vowel | add -s: el libro → los libros |
|---|---|
| Ends in a consonant | add -es: la ciudad → las ciudades |
| the (plural) | los (masc.), las (fem.) |
Talking about family
Tengo dos hermanos. (I have two brothers / siblings.) Mi madre se llama Rosa. (My mother’s name is Rosa.) Mi abuela es muy simpática. (My grandmother is very nice.)
Tip
💡 Learn every noun with its el or la: not “libro” but “el libro”. It saves a lot of guessing later.
✏️ Practice: your turn
- Draw your family tree and label it in Spanish
- Say: Tengo ___ hermanos
- Make plurals: el gato, la casa, el papel
- Say one sentence about each family member
🧠 Quick quiz
Answer all 4 questions correctly to mark this lesson as done.
0 of 4 correct
All lessons in Spanish for Beginners
- 🗣️ 1. Pronunciation and lettersFive pure vowels, ñ, ll, j, silent h and rolled rr
- 👋 2. Hello, how are you?Greetings, introductions and ¿Cómo te llamas?
- 🔢 3. Numbers and colorsNumbers 0–20 and ten colors
- 👨👩👧 4. Family and peopleMom, dad, siblings, el and la, and plurals
- 🌮 5. Food, café and restaurantOrder, ask and get the check
- ⚖️ 6. ser, estar and tenerTwo ways to say “to be”, and “to have”
- ⏰ 7. Days, time and weather¿Qué hora es?, ¿Dónde está…? and question words
- 🧳 8. 50 travel phrases, and what’s nextThe phrases that save a trip, and how to keep learning